Impacts of education

Impact of education on individual
Employability is defined by International labour organization, given in Xhafferi and Iqbal (2008) as “The key outcome of education and training of high quality, encompassing the skills, knowledge and competencies that enhance a worker's ability to secure and retain a job, progress at work and cope with change, secure another job if she/he so wishes or has been laid off  and enter more easily into the labour market at different periods of the life cycle” (P. 21).
Educated individuals become productive employees accepting the challenges of changing world. They enhance their chances of finding jobs on their own through education incorporated necessary knowledge and required skills (Checchi 2006; Xhafferi & Iqbal 2008).
Samman (2001) shares that educated person has got empowered to acquire more autonomy in decision making and greater control over the material resources particularly females. Parental demands are influenced by mother’s educational level. For example mostly families prefer son in their home during birth of the child. This preference is removed only after a relatively high level of education has been achieved.
Education makes the individuals useful citizens, self reliant and independent learners through providing opportunities to experience citizenship, self reliance and independency (Qureshi, 2005).
Impact of education on community
There is a substantial impact of education on community. According to Qureshi (2005) following are some of impacts of education on community. 
a.   Impact of education on physical development: Education has ensured community to develop its individuals physically and mentally in terms of food and hygiene. Communities are providing the facilities for physical development of the people through gymnasia and other ways of exercises.
b.   Mental development: Within the community libraries, reading rooms, art competitions, cultural functions and so on are managed for its students. This helps the mental development of children in a community.
c.    Impact on culture: Cultural transformation involving traditions, norms, ideals, costumes, modes of behaviours to new generations is possible only through the process of education.
d.    Impact on politics: Education impacts on community such a way that its political leaders tend to provide opportunities for its individuals to understand the ideology of community and relationships within the community.
e.    Impact on economy of community: Different kind of industry, jobs, occupations are developed in a community through education. The individual with their abilities and skills find jobs within the community. Curiosity among individuals to have professional abilities creates observing qualified neighbours, family members, or any other learned person in the community. For example people from north come to do their B. Ed and M. Ed from IED and NDIE looking at the earlier graduates.
Moral and character development: Every community has its own norms, laws and code of conduct. Education has influenced those norms, rules and regulations and code of conduct according to need and significance for that community. New values are incorporated in the community because of education. For example integrity of hard work to make the lives of human beings better is a value given by education. As it is cleanliness is closed to Godliness is an important value given by education to community.
Impact of education on society
According to Tilak (1994), education has raised literacy rate of societies. The more education spread the higher the literacy rate in any society. For example literacy rate of any society increases with the passage of time not decreases except any special case, whether its rate of increasing is smaller or greater. This is because of increasing education in society.
Education has profound effects on reducing poverty particularly in rural areas. Illiterate societies are suffering from poverty because of less participation in job markets having a shortage of necessary knowledge, skills and competencies. Education has enabled every society to start with new technology and productive markets to alleviate poverty (Tilak, 1994).  For example information technology in Pakistan started opened new opportunities of job for the individuals who have knowledge, skills and competencies in information technologies. New departments were opened, services were given to the people in those departments and buildings were constructed.  This helped to a quite extent to reduce poverty in Pakistan. Income distribution and income inequality in a society have also been addressed by education.
Education creates future leaders for the society. During educational process calibre and interests of the individuals are determined and developed the features of leaders to create future leaders for the society (Qureshi, 2005).
The individuals in a society need to be in social control for balance personality development. Education provides experiences to the people to learn to accept social control from the society. This is why in some societies education is used to create democratic environment. Further more education brings necessary social changes in society because it criticises the costumes, traditions, ways of life and practices of the society. Using this right to criticism, educated people assess weaknesses of the society and prepare future plans for the reformation and improvement of the society (Qureshi, 2005).
Bibliography
Checchi, D. (2006). The economics of education: human capital, family background and    inequality. New York: Cambridge university press.   
Qureshi, M. (2005). Social aspects of Education. New Delhi: Anmole publications.
Samman, M. L. (2001). Education, social change and development: education level           effects on fertility and child health/mortality. In. D. B. Rao (Ed.), Education for     21st century (pp. 81-84). New Delhi: discovery publishing house.
Tilak, J. B. G. (1994). Education for development in Asia. New Delhi: sage publications.
Xhaferri, R. & Iqbal, K. (2008, February 24). Tailor made education. Dawn. Retrieved      January 09, from http://www.dawn.com/weekly/education/arch/arch_2009.htm
Xhaferri, R. & Iqbal, K. (2009, January 04). Importance of liberal education. Dawn.          Retrieved January 09, from    http://www.dawn.com/weekly/ education      /arch_2009.htm


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