Professional Learning Communities and Shared Leadership

Professional learning communities can be introduced in schools if the principal plays an active role to support the staff in professional development. The principal’s role is a significant feature in exploring the ways to form professional learning communities in schools (Zepeda, 2004). The principal needs to create an enabling environment where the staff members will come together to achieve the common goals of the school organization.
  The principals, administrators, educators, and teachers need to play the roles of learners, inquirers, discoverers, problems solvers, and solution seekers for school improvement. 
Kleine-Kracht (as cited in Hord, 1997) declaimed that the time of traditional top-down pattern of relationships to manage a school was over. There is parallelism between those who are more experienced and those who are less experienced but they need to contribute to school effectiveness. Retallick and Datoo (2005) added that the principals are called leading learners in professional learning communities by emphasizing that teaching and learning is a process that is closely relational to the teachers and encourages them to improve their professional practices.
Teaching and learning through a student-centered approach used by the principal is an indicator of the school as a professional learning community. Hargreaves described the role of the principal of the Blue Mountain School in Ontario which possessed the essence of a knowledge-society school. The principal established the school as a professional learning community and believed that schools should provide learning opportunities where students would continuously reconstruct their experiences. In order to achieve that very vision, the principal required a professional culture that engaged teachers. Support staff, students, and the community for defining the school’s goals and the strategies to achieve those goals. 
The relationships were established with the community members through monthly meetings and parents were asked to work with the staff to define the knowledge, skills, and values they wanted for the students. During the process of recruiting staff for the school, the principal considered the interrelationships and consequences for other schools and the set criteria which matched with other schools. When the principal established the team of ten teachers initially, he did not allocate specific roles to the staff to create a sense of a whole among them rather than separate entities. Staff meetings, meetings of the school council, and leadership team meetings were carefully planned.
 Each meeting started with the system’s issues and every individual was free to identify problems that were dealt with by the staff members and fear of blame was removed as it would lead to hiding issues. The same procedure of meetings was used in individual advisory sessions and collective meetings with the students which led the students to take the responsibility for bringing change to the school.
In a project to transform a school into a professional learning community, Servgiovanni (1994) shared the story of a principal whose shared leadership started from one of the meetings with two parents to develop exploring skills among the students. With the passage of time more and more parents and staff joined the scheduled meeting thus developing a vision for staff and students’ learning that eventually took the shape of a project. The principal’s efforts were evidently decisive in creating the situation necessary to build a professional learning community.
The data of a case study conducted by Zepeda (2004) looking at the work of a principal in a school who used instructional supervision for developing a professional learning community revealed that the first steps were building trust and rapport with the teachers. Zepeda found from the data that the principal created conditions where the teachers examined their practices which encouraged them to form a learning community. She got an insight that leadership needs to be shared in such a way that every individual should perform the role of leadership according to the required expertise at a time. The principal relinquished her top-down control and provided the opportunities for teachers to come forward to create and craft new ways to develop themselves professionally.